In aviation, the reliability of a component is fundamental, and in this case, batteries play a crucial and sometimes underestimated role. Despite being small units, they are the source of power for all aircraft systems and equipment. If you have ever wondered how batteries help the aircraft to fly safely and efficiently, this will be one of the aspects explained, as well as their operation and various types used in aviation.
What is the purpose of aircraft batteries?
Although they are energy storage devices, they are of vital importance for the operation of the aircraft in general and not just an energy storage device. Basically, the main task is to supply electrical power for starting the engines and sustaining critical systems such as emergency lighting, communication support, and many other elements. Depending on the type of battery, they can be used from initial starting of the engines to supplying power when the main generator shuts down.
Types of batteries: Which is the best?
Lead-Acid Batteries: They are the oldest battery and the most common in the aeronautical industry. They use lead plates immersed in sulfuric acid. Although they are highly reliable and are capable of providing a constant current for an extended period, their size and weight are significantly large compared to modern alternatives so they are used only for engine starting and backup of essential electrical systems. in addition to their cost, they are highly inexpensive.
Nickel-Cadmium Batteries: They are known for high energy density and durability. due to their high performance and their ability to carry energy in a small space, they are resistant to change.
Lithium Batteries: They represent the latest generation in aircraft battery technology. They offer exceptionally high energy density, which reduces system weight and improves performance; they are also used for critical systems which makes them important. However, there is a major disadvantage, which is the safety risk of spontaneous combustion in case they are damaged or overheated.
Construction and Maintenance at a glance: Concorde Series Batteries
RG series valve-regulated lead-acid batteries, such as those manufactured by concorde Battery Corporation, are designed for maintenance-free performance. They use AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat) technology, where the electrolyte is retained in glass fibers, minimizing water loss and eliminating the need for refilling.
Construction: These batteries consist of cells with interleaved positive and negative plates, insulated by AGM separators. These cells are contained in an acid and impact resistant container.
Maintenance and testing: Batteries should be tested regularly to ensure optimum performance. Testing varies depending on the frequency of use and the function of the battery. For example, batteries for starting main engines are checked more frequently than those that do not.
Safety Precautions: Lead-acid batteries can present hazards such as electrical and chemical burns, and potential explosions if not handled properly. It is essential to follow safety recommendations during maintenance and handling of these batteries.
Limitations and certifications
Aircraft batteries are subject to strict standards and certifications to ensure their safety and performance. TSO-C173/C173A certification, for example, sets minimum standards that must be met for a battery to be used in aircraft. These standards ensure that the batteries can withstand the demanding conditions of aviation.
The future of batteries in aviation
The role of batteries in aviation is constantly evolving. As technology advances, lithium batteries and other developments promise to further revolutionize aircraft performance and energy efficiency. Imagine a future where battery power not only keeps aircraft systems running, but also drives new innovations in it and area exploration.
Rodrigo Perdomo Gutiérrez de Piñeres
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